bennett



(No Model.) 5 SheetsSheet 1.

T. G. BENNETT & W. MASON. MAGAZINE FIREARM.

No. 599,587. Patented Feb. 22', 1898.

' (No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 2.

T. G. BENNETT & W.MAS,0N.

- MAGAZINE FIREARM.

- No 599,587. Patented Feb. 22,1898.

flilamm r I v A W//////////%mmi 3 /7%////////// (No Model.) 5Sheets-Sheet 3.

T. G. BENNETT & W. MASON: MAGAZINE FIREARM.

No. 599,587. Patented Feb. 22 1898 uum i (No Model.) I 5 Sheets-=Sheet4.

T. G. BENNETT 81W. MASON. MAGAZINE FIREARM No. 599,587. Patented Feb.22, 1898.

1 5 Sheets Sheet 5. T. G. BENNETT & W. MASON.

(No Model.)

MAGAZINE FIREARM.

Patented Feb. 22, 1898.

rrnn rates PATENT 'FFI THOMAS G. BENNETT AND \VILLIAM MASON, F NEXVHAVEN, CONNECTI- CUT, ASSIGNORS TO THE VINCIIESTER REPEATING ARMSCOMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

MAGA INE-FIREARM.

s'rncrrrca'rion forming part (if Letters Patent No. 599,587, datedFebruary 22, 1898.

I Application filed May 29| l89'7. Serial No.'638,710. (No model.)

' To azz whom it may concern..- View of the carrier; Fig. 14, a detachedface Be it known that we, THOMAS G. BENNETT View of the cartridge-guide;Fig. 15, a doand W ILL'IAM MASON, of New Haven, in the tached edge viewthereof; Fig. 16, a detached county of New Haven and State of Connecti-View of the plate friction-spring of the car- '5 out, have invented anew Improvement in tridge-guide; Fig. 17, an edge view thereof;

- Firearms; and we do'hereby declare the fol- Fig. 18, abroken view,inside elevation, showlowing,when taken in connection with the ing amodified form of friction-spring for the accompanying drawings and theletters of cartridge-guide; Fig. 1.), a view thereof inv referencemarked thereon, to be a full, clear, longitudinal section; Fig. 20, abroken View,

.16 and exact description of the same, and which in verticallongitudinal section, showing the said drawings constitute part of thisspecififiring-pin retracted and locked by the firingcation, andrepresent, in pin stop; Fig. 21, a similar iew showing the Figure 1, abroken View, in side elevation, firing-pin unlockedby the depression ofthe of a firearm embodying dur invention; Fig. rear end of thefiring-pin look under the ac- :5 2, a planview thereof; Fig. 3, a lesscompretion of thecarrier; Fig. 22, a detached View, hensive broken Viewofthe gun, partlyin verin side elevation, of the firing-pin lock; Fig.tical longitudinal section and partly incleva- 23, a detached reverseplan view of the breechtion, shown in its closed position and drawnblock, showing the firing-pin lock and also -on a larger scale; Fig. 3,a sectional view on showing thetwo yielding extractors; Fig. 24,

no line'f g of Fig. 3; Fig. 4, a'detail view show a broken view, insideelevation, of the forin g the bu it'er-spring and the eoaction thereofward end of the breech-block, showing one of with thc'safety stop-leverin the vertical osit's extractors having a guiding-flange; Fig;cillatiug carrier ofthe action mechanism; .25, a broken plan View of thebreech-block, Fig. 5, a. detached perspective view' of one showing bothof its extractors; Fig. 26, a see- 2 5 form which the buffer-spring mayassume; tional view showing how the guiding-flange Fig. (5, a detailview, in, horizontal section, of one of the yielding extractorsis'receive'd through the carrier and rear end of the actionby a grooveformed for it in a portion of the bar on the line a b of Fig. 4, thestop-lever receiver; Fig. 27,adetachedperspective view being in positionfor engagement with the of the extractorhavingaguiding-flange; Fig.

0 rear end ofthe action-bar and blocking the 28, a. detached view of'thefiring-pin, Fig. 29, 8o

opening of the gun Fig. 7,-a similar view in a view thereof intransverse sectioil on the which the stop-lever is shown in its retiredline e f of Fig. 28. I position fer clearing the rear end of the ac-Our-invention relates to an improvement in tion bar and permitting theopening-of the magazine-firearms of the typein which the'ac-;

5 gun; Fig. 8 a brokcndctachcd reverse plan tion mechanism isactuatedbymcansof'a slidview of the rear end of theatiombar; Fig. ing supportingand actuating handle which is J, a broken view of the gun, partly inside reeiprocatcd backand forth in a line parallel elevation and partlyin vertical longitudinal with the axial line of the gun-barrel, theobsection, showing the carrier in its open posiject of our inventionbeing to increase thel 40 tion and illustrating the lifting of the car--safety and reliability of these arms tridge-guidc by means of thestationary lil't- \Vith these ends in view our invention coning-pinmounted in the receiver; Fig. 10, a sists-in certain-details ofconstruction and similar view showing the gun partly closed combinationsof parts, as will be hereinafter and illnstrating'how a screw orprojection on described, and pointed out in the claims. v 5 thebreech-block engages with the cartridgc- ,In carrying out our inventionas herein guide for retiring the same; Fig. 11, a view shown we employ abnller-springA, the for intransverse section on the line a (Z of Fig.ward edgc'of which is abutted against the 10; Fig. 12, a detached side'view of the verrear edge of an'annular-handle-stop B,encirtically-oscillating carrier with the cartridgccling the tubularmagazine B and located 50 guide removed; Fi g. 13, a similarrevcrse planthereupon in suitable position, which will dezoo pend upon the lengthofthe magazine and the excursion of the tubular sliding supporting andactuating handle 0, which is designed to be reciprocated back and forthupon the maga- 5 zine in a line parallel with the axial line of thegun-barrel D. It will be observed that the handle-stop and buffer-springare constructed and arranged so as to be located within the handle,whichmoves back and forth over them and the rear end of which coacts withthem.

When the said handle reaches the limit ofit's'j forward excursion, theforward edge of the metal action-bar sleeve E,=which is secured withinthe rear end of the handle and forms 1 5 a part thereof so far as thehandle-stop isconcerned, abuts against the rear edge of the spring,which cushions and absorbs the shock or concussion caused by smartlypushing the handle forward, whereby the racking of the gun is avoidedand other important ends accomplished, as will be stated later on. Thesaid action-bar sleeve E is secured within the rear end of the slidinghandle C by means of one or more screws 6, one of which is shown in Fig.1.

The action-bar E, which extends rearwardly from the handle for operativeconnection with the action mechanism of the gun, is made integral withthe said sleeve or'made independent thereof and attached thereto, as

0 found most desirable.

The gun is constructed and arranged so that it is not locked in itsclosed position until the handle has been thrown forward far enough tocompress the spring, which 3 5 then in its effort to recover its normalexten- 0 described.

- sion takes up the slack and prevents the slid-.

mounted upon the gun-barrel,or located upon a fore-arm in case thehandle is mounted upon the forearm.

- In each of the constructions mentioned the sto will be located forwardof the receiver use of t earm and limit the forward excursion of thehandle. Such a stop--that is, a stop located forward of the receiver ofthe arm and coacting with the handlemay be made much larger and heavierthan a stop constituting a 5 5 feature of the connection between theactionbar of the handle and the action mechanism of the gun. By ourinvention, therefore, we transfer the stop forlimiting the forwardexcursion of a-sliding supporting-handle from therear end of theaction-bar to the handle and locate it at a point forward of thereceiver of the arm. We prefer to employ a buEer-spriug in conjunctionwith thisstop wherever it is located; but, as before said,

ig gthe butter-spring is not imperative and may "be dispensed with; Thesaid louder-spring W A may be of any suitable construction.

prefer, however, to employ such aspring as is shown in Figs. 4 and 5,and whiclrconsists of a thin sheet-metal tube having parallelinterrupted slits a formed in it, so as to make it longitudinallycompressible and expansible. All of these slits are made shorter thanthe full circumference of the spring, and they are interrupted ordodged, so that uncutporportions thereof. The spring thus retains itstubular form, being at the-.sarnetime very resili-ent. are perfectlyfiat and smooth, while its edges are square and lie in parallel planes.As aforesaid, we do not limit ourselves to such a spring as described,but now preferto use it on account of its compactness and on account ofits special form,which gives it, great power, considering the space itoccupies.

torted or enlarged in diameter, and thus will not foul the action of thegun. In addition to the performance of a bufling or cushioning functionthe said spring also acts as a supplemental spring for the safetystop-lever it, which is pivoted in ahorizontally-arranged recess F,formed in the left-hand side wall of the vertically-oscillating carrierF which is swung by its rear end on a horizontal pivot F. Thisstop-lever, we mayhere remark, is disclosed in United States Patent No.564,421, granted- July21, 1896, to Thomas G. Bennett, as assignor' tothe Winchester Repeating Arms Company. Reference to that patent,therefore, renders a detailed explanation of the construction andfunction of this lever for coaction with the stop-lever the extreme rearendof the action-bar is beveled, as at e, the said lever coacting with abevel e formed at the forward end of the stop-lever F, which swings upona vertically-arranged pivot f, and is furnished with a spring. f,located at tom of the recess F as clearly shown in Fig. 7 The saidspring f exerts a constant eifort to throw the forward end pf thestop-lever out into the path in which the action-bar E travels inreciprocating back and forth with the handle 0.

formed with an inwardly-projecting beveled operating-finger f whichplays through a transverse opening f formed in the carrier, and ooactswith the hammer G of the arm in the manner fully set forth in the-before-men. tinned patent. This stop-lever, independent of thebutter-spring, constitutes ineffectual block or check against theopening of the gun by the user thereof if he is pulling rearward handleat the time he pulls the trigger and in the interval betweenthe fallingof thehammer and the explosion of the cartridge; but

in such a manner that the same becomes an effectual block against thepremature opentions of the metal are in opposition to the cut ing of thegun if the user, instead of pulling- The inside andoutside of thisspring Moreover, when compressed it is not dis- 4 IOC unnecessary. Itmay be said, however, that a point in frontof the pivot f and in the botThe rear end of the stop-lever is upon the sliding, supporting, andactuating the butter-spring coacts with the stop-lever rearward upon thesliding handle at the time he pulls. the trigger and in the intervalbetween the falling of the hammer and theexplosion of the cartridge incase of a hang-fire, is not exerting pressure in either direction uponthe handle. In the instance last suggested'an'd where thereis neitherpressureforward nor draftrearward upon the handle the buffer-spring inits eifortltorecover itwall of the carrier F self will push rearwarduponthe handle, and hence upon the action-bar,with sufficient force toprevent the beveled forward end of the stop-lever from disengagingitself from the beveled rear end of the action-bar, notwithstanding thefact that the hammer hasfallen and, actin g through the operating-fingerf 2 of the stop-lever, has placed the same under that tension whichunder ordinary circumstances would cause its forward end to move inwardand clear the rear end of the action-bar.

' The next feature of our invention to be described isthe'cartridge-guide H, Fig. 14,vi'hich is formed of a thin plate ofsheet metal and located, as shown, though. not necessarily, in a shallowrecess I, formed in the right-hand is designed to be held in itsprojected or operating position by means of-fricti on, as will bedescribed later on. Its rearend is formed with a perforation h for thereception of the horizontal pin II, upon which itswings. It is placedunder frictional restrain-t by a spring, which may assume a variety offorms.

-As-shown in Figs. 3, 9,10,11, and 16, this sprin g consists of asheet-metal plate J, which is very slightly spru n g.

applied over and secured in place byone end of the pin II, upon whichthe cartridge-guide itself swings, as aforesaid. lhe friction betweenthe inner face of this spring-plate and the adjacent surface of theguide is sufiicient to hold the same in its projected position withoutother aid. The guide is lifted into that position by means of astationary horizontal lifting-pin 11?, mounted in and projectinginwardlyfrom the right-hand wall of the receiver II and shown in section in Fig.9, which, however, represents the said wall broken away.

Thesaid pin coacts with a lifting-bevel II,

formed at the rear end of the guide and uponthe lower edge thereof. Whenin the action of the gun the carrier swin gs dow'n preparatory toreceiving a-cartridge from the tn hular magazine, the said lifting-bevell l ofthe'guide en-- gages withthe pin 11 whereby the frictionalrestraint placed uponthe guide by th'espring J is overcome, so that theguide is lifted into its projected position, in which it is held byfriction and in which it is shown in Fig. 9, the

engageinentof the guide with the pin taking place some time-before thecarrier reaches its fully-depressed position. On the other hand, whenthe carrier begins to be lifted into its closed or'elevated-positionthe'said liftinghevel 'l l of the guide is immediately cleared fromthe'pin ll; but theguide being sup'- This cartridge-guide This plate isformed. with a perforation J ,which adapts it to be ported a frictiondoes not then fall back, but

remainsin its projected position and performs its function of preventingthe lateral displacement'of the cartridge upon the carrier. However,after the cartridges have been partly-introduced into the chamber of thegun-barrel a screw or equivalent projection K, located in the lower edgeof the right-handwall. of the forward end of the breech-block K, engageswith the depressing-bevel H,

formed in the upper edge of the guide near t forward endfthereof andforces the guide ownward into its retired positionl'tgainst therestraint of the friction spring J. g

Fig. 10 of the drawings shows the set-screw K just at the beginning ofits engagement with the bevel H for pushing the guide downward, whileFig. 3 showsthe set-screw directly forward of the forward end of theguide, the screw having assumedthis relation to the guide by the liftingof the carrier, and hence the guide, in the final closing of the gun; Itwill be seen that by means of the construction just described we providefor, the

operation of the guide by extremely simple means, which do not call forpositively supporting the'guide in its projected or active position.

In Figs. 18 and 19 we have shown a modification in which the fiatplate-spring J is dis pensed with and a coiled spring J is employed, thesaid coiled spring J 2 being located in a shallow recess J flformed inthe rear end of the right-hand wallof the carrier and concentric withthe pin ll, upon which the guide J swings, as clearly shown in Fig. 19.The

outer coil of this spring is designedto engage with the inner face ofthe rear end of the cartridge-guide with suiiicientforce to. afford africtional restraint for the same.

WVG shall next describe our improved firingpin look liL'Fig. 22, whichhas the peculiarity contort-hereof, the lock being hung upon ahorizontal pin M The rear end of this lock is formed with aretracting-bevel m, a lifting cam-like nose on, and a square lockingedge m, and works in a shallow recess N, formed by facing awaya portionof one "side of the cylindrical butt N of the firing-pin N ,,a'detachedviewo't whihh is shown in Fig. 28,.

The rear cnd of the said beveled recess N in the tiring-pin terminatesin a wall comprising a square locking-shoulder n'and a beveledretra'cting-shoulder n. The said lock M is forced into and-maintained inits retired position by the carrier, which, asit goes into its ed'geoftheforward end of the lock at about the point m whereby the spring M iscom- .full-y closed positiomengages with the lower ,pressed and th lockswung on its pin M so as to depress its rear end and clear the squarelocking edge m thereof from the lockingshoulder a of the pin, which isthus left free to'leap forward when struck by the hammer G. The moment,however, that the carrier begins its descent inthe opening of the gunthe spring M asserts itself, swings the firingpi-n lock on its pivot,depressing its forward end-and lifting its rear end into thepositioninwhich it is shownin Fig. BOQ During the described lifting ofthe rear end of 'the'lock. .its retracting-bevel m engages with theretracting-shoulder n of the firing-pin, causing the same to bepositively retracted under the influence, as it will be observed, of thespring M. The firing-pin having been (thus retracted, the spring M liftsthe rear end of the lock still farther, so that the square locking edge.m thereof is 'at last brought into direct opposition-with the squarelocking-shoulder a of the firing-pin, as clearly shown in said Fig. 20.lf for any reason,however,the spring M should not act-in swinging thelock for the retraction and lockin g of the firing-pin, as ex--'plained, the nose m of. the lock will,'i n' the rearward excursion ofthe breech-block K,

. engage with the upper faeeiof the rear endof 'the carrier andpositively lift the rear end of, the look, so as'to retract and lock thepin, a whereby the retraction and locking of the pin is insured eventhough-the spring M may fail of perform ing that function. Then when thegunis closed and the breech-block makes its forward excursion thelifting-nose m of the look again" rides over the carrier and, if not'already lifted, is lifted thereby, so'as to insure the retraction andlocking of the firingpin in case it happens that for any reason itisnot'ret'ract-edfand locked at the time- After p the breech-block hasreached the limit of its forward excursion the carrier rises and en- Iunder the action of the hammer.

gages-with thefo-rward'end of the look, overcoming the tension of itsspring M and depressingits-rear end for unlocking the firingpin andleaving the same free to leap forward It will be understood, of course,that the carrier does not act upon the stop in the manner describeduntil nothing remains to be done in fully closing the gun except thefinalmovement of the carrier represented by a fraction of an inch,

I until the gun is virtually closed. 1

3 in shown, the breech-block K is provided the idea being'to hold thefiring-pin locked ThQ'llBXt feature of our improvement described is animproved extractor. As herewith two yielding extractors O and P. Theextractor O is of ordinary construction and is made yielding by means ofa spiral spring 0', .inserted into a small chamber formed for itsreception inthe breech-block. The extractor P, which contains ourpresent improvement, is formed with an inwardly-projeeting flange P,perforated for the reception of a vertically-arranged pin "1, upon whichthe extractor swings, the extractor having a to belong.rearwardly-extending yielding tail P which is received in a slot P,formed in the breech-block for the reception of the ext-ractor. form aguiding fu notion, beingthereto formed with an upwardly-extendingguiding-flange (Best shown in Fig. 27.) travels back and forth in agroove Q, formed to receive it in the left-hand wall of the receiver andextending throughout the length thereof. Thisguiding-flange and groove'assist in guiding the breech-block and prevent the same from swervingand cramping in any portion of its excursion. It is not necessary, ofcourse, that the yielding extractor Pshould beemployed in conjunctionwith an extractor like the extractor O, which may be of any suitableform and construction and made yielding or not, the essential feature ofour inventiomso far as the extractor is concerned, being the provisionof an extractor with a guiding-flange.

The last feature of our improvement is pro-- The said extractor P isadapted to pe-r- I This flan e f vision for positively locking thetubular magazine from turning and getting loose. With this end in viewwe employ a screw R, which is located in a transversely-arrangedthreaded screw-hole formed in the lower portion of the forward end ofthe receiver II and enters a transverse hole or locking-recess R,.formed to receive it in the rear end of thetubularmagazine, which isthus firmly locked'against rothat we do not limit ourselves to the exactconstruction shown, but hold ourselves at liberty to make such changesand alterations as fairly fall within the spirit and scope of ourinvention. Having fully described our invention, wha we claim asnew, anddesire to secure by Letters Patent, is- 1. In a tubularmagazine-firearm, the coinbination with the tubular-magazine thereof,

of a tubular sliding supporting and actuating handle mountedthereupon,"ahandle-stop located upon the said magazine and within thesaid tubular handle which moves back and forth over it, and abuffer-spring interposed between the said stop and the rear end of thehandle, the forward exc ursion of which is limited and cushioned by thecoaction of the said handle-stop and spring.

na 11 u ar a mZine-firearm the com- 2 I t b l i bination with thetubular magazine thereof, of a sliding supporting and actuating handlemounted thereupon, an annular handle-stop encircling the magazine andlocated within the handle which moves back and forth over it, asleevclocatedwithin the rear end of the handle, and a buffer-springinterposed between the forward edge of the said sleeve and the rear edgeof the said annular stop.

3. In a tubular magazine-firearm, the combination with a tubularmagazine, of a sliding supporting and actuating handle mounted upon thesaid magazine, a handle-stop located upon .the said magazine and withinthe handle which moves back and forth over it, an action-bar-sleevelocated within the rear end of the handle to which it is rigidlysecured, a buffer-spring located between'the forward edge of the saidsleeve and the rear'edge of the stop by which the forward excursion ofthe handle is arre'sted, ,and an action-bar rigidly connected withthesaid sleeve and ex tending rearward therefrom for connection with theaction mechanism of the gun.

4. In a tubular magazine-firearm, the com-- bination with the tubularmagazine thereof, of a handle-stop located'thereupon, abuderspringencirclingthe said magazine and placed against the-rear edgeof the said stop, a sliding supporting and actuating handle mounted uponthe magazine forreciprocation there'- upon, and a sleeve located withinthe saidhandle and secured thereto and engaging.

with the said spring for receiving and cushioning the shock of thehandle as thesame reaches the limit of its forward excursion.

5. In a tubular magazine-firearm, the combination with a tubularmagazine, of a sliding supporting and actuating handle mountedthereupon, an action-bar extending rear- 40 of a hang-fire a hand1e-stoplocated upon the magazine within the said handle, and a bufthe prematureopening of the gun in caseof wardly from the said handle, means forpreventing the premature opening of-the gun in I the interval betweenthe falling of the hammer and the explosion of the cartridge in casefer-spring located within the said handle at a point at the rear of thesaid stop, and arranged to receive and cushion the shock of the handleas the same reaches the limit of its forward movement, and in its recoilaction coacting with the said means for preventing a hang-fire, therecoil action of the said spring being communicated to the said meansthrough the said action-bar which coacts directly therewith. I

6. In a magazine-firearm, the combination with'an oscillating carrier,of a frictionallyrestrained cartridge-guide.

7. 'In a magazine-firearm, the'com'biriation with an oscillatingcarrier, of a frictionally restrained cartridge-guide pi votall ymounted upon the said carrier.

8. In a magazine-firearm, the combination with a vertically-oscillatingcarrier, of a cartridge-gnide, and a friction-spring coacting with theguide for holding the same in its elevated position.v

9. In a magazine-firearm, the combination witha verticallyo'scillatingcarrier, of a-carmounted upon the said carrier and formed at its rear.end with a lifting-bevel, and a stationary pin arranged to coact withthe said lifting-bevelat the rear end of the guide for lifting the sameinto its elevated position'as the carrier moves into its open position.I 11. In'amagazine-firearm, the combination with a carrier, of africtionally-restrained eartridge-guide, and a breech-block adapted tocoact with the forward end of the guide to 'depress the same into itsretired position.

. 12. In a magazine-firearm, the combination with avertically-oscillating carrier, of a cartridge-guide pivoted thereto,means for imposing frictional restraint upon the cartridgeguide, astationary pin mounted in the re ceiver and coacting with the rear endofthe cartridge-guide for lifting the same into its elevated position whenthe carrier moves into its open position, and a reciprocating brcechblock adapted atits forward end to co'ac't with the forward end of theguide for depressing the same into'its'retired position.

13. In a firearm,the combination with the" breech-block thereof, of afiring-pin located in the said block, and a spring-actuated firingpinlock coacting with the firing-pin and primarily moved for retracting andlocking the firing-pin by means of its spring.

14. In a'firearm, the combination with the breech'b1ock thereof, of"afiring-pin located in the said block, and a spring-actuated firin'g-pinlock eoacting with the firing-pin and primarily moved for retracting andlocking the firing-pin by means of its spring, and

formed at its rear end with a locking edge and a'rotracting bevel,respectively coacting with a locking-shoulder and a retracting-shoulderformed upon the firingpin 15. In'a firearm, the combination with thebree'chblock thereof, of a firing-pin locatedin the said block, and afiring-pin lock coactlbs ing with the firing-pin and primarily moved forretracting and locking the firing-pin by means of a spring, and formedat its rear end with a lifting-nose which engages with a portion of thearm as the breech-block is retract ed, for positively lifting'the rearend of the lock in case the spring thereof fails to act. 1

16. In a firearm, the combination with the reciprocatingv breech-block,of a firing-pin mountedtherein, a firing-pin lock pivotally mounted inthe breech-block, provided at its.

forward end with an actuating-spring, and

adapted at its rear end to coact with the firing-pin for retracting andlocking the same, and a vertically-oscillating carrier coacting with theforward end of the lock for moving the same againstthe tension of itsspring,

into position for releasing the firing-pin, at

the final closing of "the arm.

:o tending guidingfittnge which enters and trav- 17. In a firearm, thecombination with a "breech-block, of an extractor formed with an rangedpin upon which it swings and which is mounted in the. breech-block, witha long yielding tail extending rearwardly beyond els back.'and forth ina groove made to receive it in, the left-hand wall of thereceiverchamber of the gun.

In testimony whereof wehave' signed this specification in the presenceof two s-ubscribr 5 ing witnesses.

THOMAS e. BENNETT. we WILLIAM MASONF Witnesses:

'THOS. C. JOHNSON,

DANIEL II. VEADER.

